Arduino - Control Statements

Decision making structures require that the programmer specify one or more conditions to be evaluated or tested by the program. It should be along with a statement or statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be true, and optionally, other statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be false.
Following is the general form of a typical decision making structure found in most of the programming languages −

Control Statements are elements in Source Code that control the flow of program execution.
 They are −

1-Arduino - If statement

It takes an expression in parenthesis and a statement or block of statements. If the expression is true then the statement or block of statements gets executed otherwise these statements are skipped.

Different forms of if statement

Form 1

if (expression)
   statement;

You can use the if statement without braces { } if you have one statement.
Form 2

if (expression) {
   Block of statements;
}

if Statement – Execution Sequence

Example

/* Global variable definition */
int A = 5 ;
int B = 9 ;

Void setup () {

}

Void loop ()

 {
   /* check the boolean condition */
   if (A > B)

 /* if condition is true then execute the following statement*/
   A++;
   /* check the boolean condition */
   If ( ( A < B ) && ( B != 0 ))

 /* if condition is true then execute the following statement*/ 

{ 
      A += B;
      B--;
   }
}